Golestan

10 GOLESTAN'S MOST POPULAR CITIES

Rank	City	Population
1	Gorgan	350,676
2	Torkaman	53,970
3	Kalaleh	36,176
4	Kordkuy	39,881
5	Bandar-e Gaz	20,742
6	Minudasht	25,983
7	Ramian	12,426
8	Gomishan	19,191
9	Gonbad-e Qabus	151,910
10	Aqqala	35,116

A Brief History

Golestan province was one of the oldest, largest, and most populous lands in northeastern Iran before Islam. According to archaeologists, the relics of these civilizations are very similar to the relics of the Sumerian and Elamite civilizations.

In the middle of the second millennium BC, this region was the main center of a dark civilization of Arai tribes who lived in this area. During the Achaemenid period, it was known as Hyrkani (Hyrkania). Many historical monuments have been found in these areas, including the wall (dam) of Alexander with a length of approximately 155 km, which was built during the Sassanid period. This dam (wall), the remains of which can still be seen in some places, was stretched from northwest to east in the north of Gorgan and was built to prevent the invasion of northern tribes.

During the reign of the first independent sultans of Iran after Islam, this area was in the hands of the Samanids and later sometimes fell into the hands of the Buyids. Finally, Al-Ziyar established a monarchy there, which lasted from the early fourth century to the middle of the fifth century AH.

The tomb of Qaboos Vashmgir, one of the kings of this dynasty, is still located near the ruins of the old city of Jorjan. Also, until the 7th century, this area was known as Gorgan province and from the 7th to the 14th century, it was called Astarabad. In 1206 AH, the city of Astarabad was rebuilt for the last time by Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar next to the ruins of the previous city and is known by this name.

In the first divisions of Iran after the establishment of the parliament, Iran was divided into four states and twelve provinces, one of which was called Astarabad, which covered the approximate area of the current Golestan province. these areas first became part of the northern province and then became part of the second province. With the establishment of Mazandaran province in 1335, Gorgan and Gonbad Kavous were also considered its cities. Golestan province was created in 1997 by separating from Mazandaran province.

Climate and weather

Golestan Province is located in the northeast of Iran, south of the Caspian Sea, and is one of Iran's 31 provinces. Gorgan is the capital of Golestan Province. The climate in Gorgan is the Mediterranean. Golestan has a mild, humid climate known as "the moderate Caspian climate" in general. Because of the aforementioned variables, the region has three distinct climates: plain moderate, mountainous, and semi-arid. The climate of Gorgan Valley is semi-arid. There are more than 20 tribes (Persian, Turkish, Kurdish, and Baluch).

When to Go to Golestan?

Several months of the year are warm to hot, with temperatures consistently exceeding 25 degrees Celsius, with temperatures occasionally reaching 35 degrees. The months of June to September are ideal for travel because of the higher temperatures. The frigid months of November to April are nearly unpleasant to travelers.

The number of hours of sunlight refers to the amount of time the sun is visible. That is, there are no clouds, fog, or mountains to block visibility. June is the sunniest month in Golestan, with 9 hours of sunlight each day. The sun shines the shortest in February.

A rainy day is one in which at least 0.1 mm (=0.1 liter) of precipitation falls per square meter. Rain, snow, hail, or even dew might cause this. As a result, it does not have to rain all day. The month of February has the rainiest days (9), while June has the least.

Millimeters per square meter is the unit of measurement for precipitation. At a rate of 2 millimeters per day, 2 liters of a waterfall on one square meter every 24 hours. August has the least rainfall, with only 0.44 mm. On the other hand, November is the wettest month.

Where to Go in Golestan?

The vast country of Iran is surrounded by pristine and spectacular attractions and views, and wherever we look in this land, we can find traces of history, culture, art, and beauty. In this part, namely "Golestan" province.

Gorgan

The capital of the green province of Golestan is a spectacular city called "Gorgan" that will freshen you with its pristine and lush landscapes, and the temperate Mediterranean climate of this city will undoubtedly save your soul from any dust and fatigue. This city is located in the eastern part of northern Iran and welcomes countless tourists every year. The city of Gorgan encompasses all tastes of tourism and is a collection of natural landscapes, historical monuments, shrines, and numerous waterfalls and springs, which in this article we will only mention their names. But let us remind you that each of these attractions has a world of beauty in its heart.

Natural landscapes

Tushan Dam, Ziarat Village, Alang Darreh Forest Park, East Coast of the Caspian Sea, Gorgan Great Wall, Eskandari Dam, Ziarat Hot Spring, Qarq Forest Park, Seyed Kalateh Spring.

Historical attractions

Emadiyeh School, Ghezelq Caravanserai, Dimeh Lou Caravanserai, Ancient and Historical Hill Turang Tappeh, Gorgan Defense Wall, Gorgan Handicrafts Museum, Ghezelq Caravanserai.

Azad Shahr city

The second city of Golestan province, which has been replaced by towering trees and dream-like forests, is the city of "Azadshahr", which used to be called "Shah Pasand" and was renamed Azadshahr in 1981. You can walk in this city for days and not only do not get bored but you will be surprised to see the attractions of this city for a moment. The most spectacular attractions of this city are Souchaq Forest Park, which has springs and rivers in its heart, the Persian village, whose mountainous climate and tall plane trees are famous, and the beautiful waterfall of Koohmian. Which means in the middle of the mountain and is the Ghaznavid bridge. Be sure to visit all the attractions of Azadshahr.

Ali Abad Katoul

Another part of Golestan Paradise is called "Aliabad Katoul" which is famous for its pleasant climate and countless forests among tourists. The sights of this city are Kaboudal waterfall, Zarrin Gol dam lake, Aliabad Katoul anthropological museum, Cheli Sofla village, and Cheli waterfall, Afratakhteh village.

Minoodasht

Another city in Golestan province is "Minoodasht". The city of Minoodasht, which consists of two parts, plains, and mountains, can undoubtedly be a good option to spend leisure time and enjoy life. This city, just like Azadshahr in ancient times, was known by another name, "Jamiler". The hardworking people of this city are engaged in agriculture and ranching. This city has many sights that we will mention briefly. These sights include Qaleh Qafeh village, which is a green village with a very attractive view, Golestan National Park, which will undoubtedly surprise you, and Lohe Protected Area, which, like a beautiful poster, will immerse you in peace. Mubarak Abad waterfall, Kiaram Cave, Lolum Waterfall, Chehel Chay Strait, Hosseina Waterfall, Yeke Sur Waterfall, and Khajeh Ghanbar Peak.

Ramian

Another city in Golestan province that will undoubtedly attract your attention and captivate your eyes with its beauty is "Ramyan", which is associated with ancient history. This city is located in the heart of the eastern Alborz mountains and has hosted many tourists with its spectacular scenery. The attractions of this city are numerous and encompass all historical, natural, and religious aspects. When you walk in this city full of sights, watch the 2400-meter peak of Miran Castle, Gol Ramyan natural pool with a depth of 80 meters with dreamy images, Jozak waterfalls, Seyed Kalateh waterfalls, Chaft waterfalls, Pashmaki waterfalls, Nilberg spring Do not miss Cheshmeh fig, Alang Dareh mountainous area, Pir Karam spring, Paqaleh tourist village, Mullah valley forest, Naqareh Khaneh historical hill, Bibi Halimeh Khatun holy shrine, and Ramyan anthropological museum.

Kalaleh

The eastern city of Golestan province is called "Kalaleh" which has two central parts and Maraveh Tappeh. Due to the mountainous nature of this city, the springs of many mountains have flowed and have created pristine landscapes and beautiful nature. These attractions include: Subala gypsum village, Kalaleh stepped forest, Zav Bala protected area, and Zav spring.

Bandar Gaz

Another spectacular city in Golestan province that you should not miss its attractions is a historical city that consists of two parts: Nokandeh and central. Historical monuments occur well in the port of Gaz, because this city was one of the most important ports of trade with the Russians during the Qajar period, and foreigners traveled a lot in this city. Important historical monuments that are remembered in this city are old fire temples, snake castle, old castle, and bride castle.

Bandar Torkaman

Turkmen Port or Shah Port will undoubtedly give you a different experience. An area that, upon arrival, will fascinate you with its beauties that include the scenery and coverage of its people. This city is located on the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea and has become very famous for its kind and hardworking people. Turkmen port was established during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi and has many spectacular attractions. These places include the port and the coastal bazaar of Turkmen port, Qara Qashli village, Dushanbe, Turkmen port bazaar, and the Sufi hunting prohibition area.

Gonbad Kavous

Another big old city in Golestan province is "Gonbad Kavous" that historical and natural attractions have attracted the attention of Iranian and foreign tourists. From the history of this city, we can say that the element of meanings Kikavous, scientist and author of the famous book Qaboosnameh, lived in this city. The new city of Gonbad was built in 1305 using all modern urban planning methods under the supervision of a German expert. Walking in this city means getting acquainted with a world of different and spectacular attractions, which are: Alma Gol Lagoon, which means "Apple Lake" in the local dialect, Kavous Dome Tower, and Aghband village with natural attractions and eye sights. Nawaz, Aji Gol Wetland, Khalid Nabi Cemetery and Shrine, Gonbad Kavousi Artificial Lake, Russian Grand Bazaar, and Aq Tappeh Gonbad Kavous.

The province of Golestan boasts a unique gastronomic culture in addition to its numerous historical and environmental features. Many traditional meals are created and cooked in this area, including Chakdrmeh, Sak stew, Bastarmeh, mung bean patty, Kai Torshak, and others. Stay tuned as we introduce you to some of our wonderful users.

Chakdermeh

Chakdermeh is a form of Golestan provincial local meal that is commonly found on wedding tables, and Istanbul pilaf is extremely similar. This food is from Aq Qala and Turkmen port, and it is prepared in a special cauldron called Kazan, which gives out an odor of intellect. Onion, pork, rice, salt and pepper, tomato paste, and other ingredients are included in this dish.

Sak stew

Sak stew, a type of traditional stew served between Gorganis, is popular and has a fantastic aroma and flavor. Mutton or lamb, garlic, oil, flour, onion, spinach, and chickpeas are among the ingredients of this cuisine, which you must try to fully appreciate its original flavor.

Bastarmeh

Gorgan has a wide range of local cuisines to choose from, including exquisite traditional dishes. Bastarmeh is a delectable dish made with ozone fish and a combination of rice, onion, pomegranate, apple ground, and... and appears on colorful tables at most banquets and gatherings.

Mung bean soup

Turkmens cook several mung bean meals, one of which is mung bean soup, which has a delicious flavor. Ingredients like mung beans, lentils, onions, minced beef, and veggies like coriander and parsley are utilized to make this delectable soup.

Kai Torshak

A delicacy called Kei Torshak, which you can see on Turkmen tables, is one of the Gorgan delicacies that is cooked in various ways and may be claimed to be one of the most excellent native dishes of this region. Kai sorrel, or the same stew squash, is prepared and cooked using a mixture of ingredients such as onions, squash, tomatoes, spices, and garlic, as well as water for a good taste. Gains the color orange.

Terchin

Terchin is a delectable Iranian cuisine that is considered a typical dish in Golestan province. Everyone is tempted oddly by its color and glaze. To taste. beef, eggplant, beans, and other items may be utilized in the making of this delectable dish

Amaj Halva

Amaj Halva is hard cooking sweet. Mostly, this kind of sweet is cooked during Nowruz. But nowadays you can find them in Golestan confectionaries. The sweetness of Amaj Halva comes from honey and grape juice.

Paderazi

It’s a simple bread that can be found in different cities, its origin is in Golestan province. There are two types of Paderazi, which are simple and oily. We recommend buying oily Paderazi for gifts and souvenirs.

Caviar

Caviar is an expensive and nutritious food. The Caspian Sea is one of the biggest sources of Caviar in the world and Golestan province is a coastal province. So, it's reasonable to find the best and most fresh Caviar in the world in Golestan province.

Turkman Carpet

One of the best and most unique carpets in the world is the Turkman carpet. They have special designs and are different from other Iranian carpets. Turkman carpets don’t have a map and they will design by artists immediately

GOLESTAN PROVINCE

GORGAN CITY